0@80=B 2

(Grimm) 8;L35;L< (1786-1859), =5<5F:89 D8;>;>3, >A=>2>?>;>6=8: 35@<0=8AB8:8 :0: =0C:8 > O7K:5 8 ;8B5@0BC@5 8 B. =. <8D>;>38G5A:>9 H:>;K 2 D>;L:;>@8AB8:5. @0B /. @8<<0. @8=04;560; : :@C6:C 35945;L15@3A:8E @><0=B8:>2. 740;: «5BA:85 8 A5<59=K5 A:07:8» (1812-14), «5<5F:85 ?@540=8O» (1816-18) (A>2<5AB=> A /. @8<<><).

(Grimm) /:>1 (1785-1863), =5<5F:89 D8;>;>3, >A=>2>?>;>6=8: 35@<0=8AB8:8 :0: =0C:8 > O7K:5 8 ;8B5@0BC@5 8 B. =. <8D>;>38G5A:>9 H:>;K 2 D>;L:;>@8AB8:5 (:=830 «5<5F:0O <8D>;>38O», 1835). @0B . @8<<0. =>AB@0==K9 G;5=-:>@@5A?>=45=B 5B5@1C@3A:>9 (1854). @8=04;560; : :@C6:C 35945;L15@3A:8E @><0=B8:>2. 740;: «5BA:85 8 A5<59=K5 A:07:8» (1812-14), «5<5F:85 ?@540=8O» (1816-18) (A>2<5AB=> A . @8<<><).

@0BLO @8<< 8 8E A:07:8

8=C;> <=>3> ;5B A B>9 ?>@K, :0: "5BA:85 8 4><0H=85 A:07:8" 1@0BL52 @8<< 2?5@2K5 2KH;8 2 A25B. 740=85 1K;> A0<>5 A:@><=>5 8 ?> 2=5H=>AB8, 8 ?> >1J5 2A53> 83 A:07:8, 2<5AB> 200, ?5G0B05OI55 2@5285, ?@54?>A;0==>5 A1>@=8:C 1@0BLO<8 @8<<, 1K;> ?>4?8A0=> 18 >:BO1@O ?@8A=>?03> 1812 3>40. =86:0 1K;0 >F5=5=0 ?> 4>AB>8=AB2C 2 MBC M?>EC =5<5F:>3> A0<>A>7=0=8O, 2 MBC M?>EC ?@>1C645=8O 3>@OG8E =0F8>=0;8AB8G5A:8E AB@5<;5=89 8 ?KH=>3> @0AF25B0 @><0=B8:8. I5 ?@8 687=8 1@0BL52 @8<< 8E A1>@=8:, ?>AB>O==> 8<8 4>?>;=O5GB8 =0 2A5 52@>?59A:85 O7K:8.

-B>B A1>@=8: A:07>: 1K; ?>GB8 ?5@2K<, N=>H5A:8< B@C4>< 1@0BL52 @8<<, ?5@2>9 8E ?>?KB:>9 =0 ?CB8 CG5=>3> A>18@0=8O 8 CG5=>9 >1@01>B:8 ?02 4@52=59 =5<5F:>9 ;8B5@0BC@K 8 =0@>4=>AB8. !;54CO MB><< ?>74=55 4>18;8AL 3@><:>9 A;02K A25B8; 52@>?59A:>9 =0C:8 8, ?>A2OB82 2AN, 687=L A2>8< 3@><04=K<, ?>8AB8=5 15AA<5@B=K< B@C40<, >:070;8 :>A25==K< >1@07>< 25AL<0 A8;L=>5 2;8O=85 8 =0 @CAA:CN =0C:C, 8 =0 87CG5=85 @CAA:>3> O7K:0, AB0@8=K 8 =0@>4=>AB8. ;L7C5BAO 8 2 >AA88 3@><:>N, 2?>;=5 70A;C65==>N 8725AB=>ABLN, ?@>87=>A8BAO 8 =0H8<8 CG5=K<8 A 3;C1>:8< C2065=85<... 284C MB>3> <, GB> 745AL 40;5:> =5 87;8H=8< 1C45B ?><5I5=85 :@0B:>3>, A60B>3> 18>3@0D8G5A:>3> >G5@:0 687=8 8 45OB5;L=>AB8 7=0<5=8BKE 1@0BL52 @8<<, :>B>@KE =5 =07K20NB ">BF0<8 8 @>4>=0G0;L=8:0<8 35@<0=A:>9 D8;>;>388".

> ?@>8AE>645=8N 1@0BLO @8<< ?@8=04;560;8 : A@54=51I5AB20. B5F 8E 1K; A=0G0;0 042>:0B>< 2 0=0C, 0 ?>B>< ?>ABC?8; =0 A;C61C ?> N@848G5A:>9 G0AB8 : :=O7N 0=0CA:><< @>48;8AL 2 0=0C: /:>1 - 4 O=20@O 1785 3>40, 8;L35;L< - 24 D52@0;O 1786 3>40. B A0<>9 @0==59 N=>AB8 >=8 1K;8 A2O70=K B5A=59H8<8 C70<8 4@C61K, :>B>@0O =5 ?@5:@0I0;0AL 4> 3@>1>2>9 4>A:8. @8B>< 65 >10 >=8, 4065 8 ?> A0<>9 ?@8@>45 A2>59, :0: 1K 4>?>;=O;8 4@C3 4@C30: /:>1, :0: AB0@H89, 1K; 8 D878G5A:8 A;>65= :@5?G5 1@0B0 8;L35;L<0, :>B>@K9 A<>;>4C ?>AB>O==> 1K; >G5=L 1>;57=5==K< 8 >:@5? 74>@>2L5< C65 B>;L:> ?>4 AB0@>ABL. B5F 8E C<5@ 2 1796 3>4C 8 >AB028; A5N 2 25AL<0 AB5A=5==>< ?>;>65=88, B0: GB> B>;L:> 1;03>40@O I54@>AB8 A2>59 B5B:8 A> AB>@>=K <0B5@8 1@0BLO @8<< <>3;8 70:>=G8BL CG5=L5, : :>B>@>G5=L @0=> ?@>O28;8 1;5ABOI85 A?>A>1=>AB8. #G8;8AL >=8 A=0G0;0 2 0AA5;LA:>< ;8F55, ?>B>< ?>ABC?8;8 2 0@1C@3A:89 C=825@A8B5B, A B25@4K< =0<5@5=85< 87CG0BL N@848G5A:85 =0C:8 4;O ?@0:B8G5A:>9 45OB5;L=>AB8, ?> ?@8<5@C >BF0. =8 8 459AB28B5;L=> A;CH0;8 ;5:F88 ?> N@848G5A:><0;8AL 8 87CG5=85< ?@020, => ?@8@>4=K5 =0:;>==>AB8 AB0;8 A:07K20BLAO 8 ?>2;5:;8 8E 2 A>25@H5==> 8=CN AB>@>=C. A5 4>AC38 A2>8, 5I5 2 C=825@A8B5B5, >=8 AB0;8 ?>A2OI0BL 87CG5=8N >B5G5AB25==>9 =5<5F:>9 8 8=>AB@0==KE ;8B5@0BC@, 0 :>340 2 1803 3>4C 8725AB=K9 @><0=B8: "8: 8740; A2>8 "5A=8 <8==578=35@>2", :>B>@K< ?@54?>A;0; 3>@OG55, ?@>GC2AB2>20==>5 ?@548A;>285 - 1@0BLO @8<< @07>< ?>GC2AB2>20;8 A8;L=59H55 2;5G5=85 : 87CG5=8N =5<5F:>9 AB0@8=K 8 =0@>4=>AB8 8 @5H8;8AL >7=0:><8BLAO A 4@52=5=5<5F:>9 @C:>?8A=>9 ;8B5@0BC@>9 ?> ?>4;8==8:0<. ABC?82 2A:>@5 ?> 2KE>45 87 C=825@A8B5B0 =0 MB>B ?CBL, 1@0BLO @8<< C65 =5 AE>48;8 A =53> 4> :>=F0 687=8.

1805 3>4C, :>340 /:>1C @8<AL =0 2@5B;CG8BLAO 2 0@86 A =0CG=>N F5;LN, 1@0BLO, ?@82K:H85 68BL 8 @01>B0BL 2<5AB5, ?>GC2AB2>20;8 2 B0:>9 AB5?5=8 BO3>ABL MB>9 @07;C:8, GB> ?>;>68;8 =8:>340 1>;55, =8 4;O :0:8E F5;59 =5 @07;CG0BLAO - 68BL 2<5AB5 8 2A5 45;8BL <564C A>1>N ?>?>;0<.

564C 1805 - 1809 3>40<8 /:>1 @8<< A>AB>O; =0 A;C615: 1K; =5:>B>@>5 2@5B5:0@5< 5@><0 >=0?0@B0 2 8;L35;LB>< 4065 8 AB0BA-0C48B>@><. >A;5 >:>=G0=8O 2>9=K A $@0=F859 /:>1 @8<< ?>;CG8; >B :C@DN@AB0 0AA5;LA:>3> ?>@CG5=85 5E0BL 2 0@86 8 2>72@0B8BL 2 0AA5;LA:CN 181;8>B5:C B5 @C:>?8A8, :>B>@K5 1K;8 87 =55 C2575=K D@0=FC70<8. 1815 3>4C >= 1K; ?>A;0= 2<5AB5 A ?@54AB028B5;5< 0AA5;LA:>3> :C@DN@H5AB20 =0 5=A:89 :>=3@5AA 8 5B:@K20;0AL =51572K3>4=0O 48?;><0B8G5A:0O :0@L5@0. > /:>1 @8<< GC2AB2>20; : =59 ?>;=59H55 >B2@0I5=85, 40 8 2>>1I5 2 A;C651=KE 70=OB8OE 2845; B>;L:> ?><5EC : 70=OB8O< =0C:>9, :>B>@K< 1K; ?@540= 2A59 4CH>9. >B ?>G54C >= ?>:8=C; A;C61C, >B:;>=8; ?@54;>65==CN 5D5AAC@C 2 >==5, >B:070;AO >B :@C?=KE >:;04>2 60;>20=LO 8 ?@54?>G5; 2A5<=>5 <5AB> 181;8>B5:0@O 2 0AA5;5, 345 1@0B 53> C65 A 1814 3>40 1K; A5:@5B0@5< 181;8>B5:8. 10 1@0B0 A>E@0=O;8 MB> A2>5 A:@><=>5 ?>;>65=85 4> 1820 3>40, CA5@4=> ?@54020OAL 2 MB> 2@58< =0CG=K< 8AA;54>20=8O<, 8 MB>B ?5@8>4 8E 687=8 1K; ?;>4>B2>@=59H8< ?> >B=>H5=8N : 8E =0CG=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8. 1825 3>4C 8;L35;L< @8<< 65=8;AO; => 1@0BLO 2A5 65 =5 @07;CG0;8AL 8 ?@>4>;60;8 68BL 8 @01>B0BL 2<5AB5.

1829 3>4C 48@5:B>@ 0AA5;LA:>9 181;8>B5:8 A:>=G0;AO; 53> <5AB>, :>=5G=>, ?> 2A5< ?@020< 8 A?@0254;82>AB8 4>;6=> 1K;> 1K ?5@59B8 : /:>1C @8< 5GB5= GC6575<5F, =5 70O282H89 A51O =8:0:8<8 70A;C30<8, 8 >10 1@0B0 @8<<, >A:>@1;5==K5 MB>N 2>?8NI59 =5A?@0254;82>ABLN, =0H;8 A51O 2K=C645==K<8 ?>40BL 2 >BAB02:C. !0<> A>1>N @07C<55BAO, GB> 1@0BLO @8<<, 2 B> 2@51@5AB8 A515 25AL<0 3@><:CN 8725AB=>ABL A2>8<8 B@C40<8, =5 >AB0;8AL 157 45;0. /:>1 @8<< 1K; 2 1830 3>4C ?@83;0H5= 2 5BB8=35= ?@>D5AA>@>< =5<5F:>9 ;8B5@0BC@K 8 AB0@H8< 181;8>B5:0@5< ?@8 B0<>H=5< C=825@A8B5B5. 8;L35;L< ?>ABC?8; BC40 65 <;04H8< 181;8>B5:0@5< 8 2 1831 3>4C 1K; 2>72545= 2 M:AB@0>@48=0@=K5, 0 2 1835 3>4C 2 >@48=0@=K5 ?@>D5AA>@K. 1>8< CG5=K< 1@0BLO< 68;>AL 745AL =54C@=>, 2 >A>15==>AB8 ?>B> 745AL >=8 2AB@5B8;8 4@C65A:89 :@C6>:, 2 A>AB02 :>B>@>3> 2E>48;8 ?5@2K5 A25B8;0 A>2@5<5==>9 35@<0=A:>9 =0C:8. > ?@51K20=85 8E 2 5BB8=35=5 1K;> =5?@>4>;68B5;L=>. >2K9 :>@>;L 0==>25@A:89, 2ABC?82H89 =0 ?@5AB>; 2 1837 3>4C, 704C<0; >4=8< ?>G5@:>< ?5@0 C=8GB>68BL :>=AB8BCF8N, 40==CN 0==>25@C 53> ?@54H5AB25==8:><, G5<, :>=5G=>, 8 2>71C48; ?@>B82 A51O 2> 2A59 AB@0=5 >1I55 =5C4>2>;LAB285; => B>;L:> A5<5@> 35BB8=35=A:8E ?@>D5AA>@>2 8<5;8 4>AB0B>G=> 3@0640=A:>3> 1K 3;0A=> 70O28BL ?@>B5AB ?@>B82 B0:>3> A0<>2>;L=>3> =0@CH5=8O >A=>2=>3> 3>AC40@AB25==>3> 70:>=0. 564C MB8<8 A5<5;LG0:0<8 =0E>48;8AL 8 1@0BLO @8<<. 0 MB>B ?@>B5AB :>@>;L -@=AB-23CAB >B25G0; =5<54;5==K< C2>;L=5=85< 2A5E A5<8 ?@>D5AA>@>2 >B 8E 4>;6=>AB59 8 2KAK;:>N 87 30==>25@A:8E ?@545;>2 B5E 87 =8E, :>B>@K5 =5 1K;8 30==>25@A:8<8 C@>65=F0<8. B@5E4=52=K9 A@>: 1@0BLO @8<< 4>;6=K 1K;8 ?>:8=CBL 0==>25@ 8 2@5<5==> ?>A5;8;8AL 2 0AA5;5. > 70 7=0<5=8BKE CG5=KE 2ABC?8;>AL >1I5AB25==>5 <=5=85 5@<0=88: >B:@KB0 1K;0 >1I0O ?>4?8A:0 4;O >15A?5G5=8O 1@0BL52 @8<< >B =C64K, 0 420 :@C?=KE 35@<0=A:8E :=83>?@>402F0-8740B5;O ( 59<5@ 8 8@F5;L) >1@0B8;8AL : =8< A ?@54;>65=85< A>AB028BL A>>1I0 =5<5F:89 A;>20@L =0 A0<>9 H8@>:>9 =0CG=>9 >A=>25. @0BLO @8<< ?@8=O;8 MB> ?@54;>65=85 A 25;8G09H5N 3>B>2=>ABLN 8 ?>A;5 =5>1E>482>;L=> ?@>4>;68B5;L=KE ?@83>B>2;5=89 ?@8=O;8AL 70 @01>BC. > 8< =5 ?@8H;>AL 4>;3> 1KBL 2 0AA5;5: 4@C7LO > =8E ?>701>B8;8AL 8 =0H;8 8< ?@>A25I5==>3> ?>:@>28B5;O 2 ;8F5 :@>=?@8=F0 $@84@8E0-8;L35;L<0 @CAA:>3>, 8, :>340 >= 2 1840 3>4C 2ABC?8; =0 ?@5AB>;, >= B>BG0A 65 2K720; CG5=KE 1@0BL52 2 5@;8=. =8 1K;8 871@0=K 2 G;5=K 5@;8=A:>9 :045<88 0C: 8, 2 :0G5AB25 0:045<8:>2, ?>;CG8;8 ?@02> =0 GB5=85 ;5:F89 2 5@;8=A:>< C=825@A8B5B5. A:>@5 8 8;L35;L<, 8 /:>1 @8<< ?@8ABC?8;8 : GB5=8N ;5:F89 2 C=825@A8B5B5 8 A B5E ?>@ 68;8 2 5@;8=5 1572K574=> 4> A0<>9 A<5@B8. 8;L35;L< C<5@ 16 45:01@O 1859 3>40; /:>1 ?>A;54>20; 70 =8< 20 A5=BO1@O 1863 3>40, =0 79-< 3>4C A2>59 <=>3>B@C4=>9 8 ?;>4>28B>9 687=8.

'B> :0A05BAO 7=0G5=8O =0CG=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8 1@0BL52 @8<<, B> >=>, :>=5G=>, =5 ?>4;568B =0H59 >F5=:5 2 MB>9 :@0B:>9 18>3@0D8G5A:>9 70<5B:5. K <>65< 745AL >3@0=8G8BLAO B>;L:> ?5@5G8A;5=85< 8E 206=59H8E B@C4>2, 4>AB0282H8E 8< 3@><:CN A;02C 52@>?59A:8E CG5=KE, 8 C:070BL =0 B> @07;8G85, :>B>@>5 ACI5AB2>20;> 2 45OB5;L=>AB8 /:>10 8 8;L35;L<0 @8<< 8 4> =5:>B>@>9 AB5?5=8 E0@0:B5@87>20;> 8E ;8G=>5 >B=>H5=85 : =0C:5.

=0G0;5, 2 ?5@8>4 N=>H5A:8E C2;5G5=89 35@<0=A:>N AB0@8=>N 8 =0@>4=>ABLN, 1@0BLO @8<<, 3;02=K< >1@07><, ?>A2OI0;8 A2>N 45OB5;L=>ABL A>18@0=8N, >1JOA=5=8N 8 8740=8N 2 A25B ?02 =0@>4=>3> B2>@G5AB20. MB>B ?5@8>4, : :>B>@>B=>AOBAO 8 "!:07:8", 1@0BLO @8<< A<>B@5;8 =0 B@C4K A2>8, :0: =0 >1ICN A>1AB25==>ABL, 8 G5ABL 02B>@AB20 45;8;8 ?>?>;0<, 2AN4C 2KAB02;OO =0 8E 703;02=KE ;8AB0E: "1@0BLO @8<<". ">;L:> A 1818 3>40 8E =0CG=0O 45OB5;L=>ABL @0A?0405BAO =042>5: /:>1 @8<< 8A:;NG8B5;L=> ?@5405BAO D8;>;>38G5A:8< 8AA;54>20=8O< 35@<0=A:8E =0@5G89 8 =0 MB8E 8AA;54>20=8OE AB@>8B A2>8 206=59H85 B@C4K - "5<5F:CN 3@0<<0B8:C" (1819 3.), "@52=>AB8 =5<5F:>3> ?@020" (1828 3.) 8 "5<5F:CN <8D>;>38N" (1835 3.), - :>B>@K5 A>AB028;8 M?>EC =5 B>;L:> 2 35@<0=A:>9 D8;>;>388, => 8 2>>1I5 2 >1;0AB8 A@02=8B5;L=>3> O7K:>7=0=8O. 8;L35;L< @8<< >AB0;AO ?@8 1>;55 ?@82;5:02H5< 53> 87CG5=88 >B45;L=KE ?02 4@52=5=5<5F:>9 ;8B5@0BC@K 8 =5<0;> A45;0; 4;O 8E >1JOA=5=8O. ! B>3> 2@5<5=8, :>340 @0742>8;8AL ?CB8 =0CG=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8 CG5=KE 1@0BL52, :064K9 87 =8E C65 AB0; ?>4?8AK20BL A2>8 B@C4K ?>;=K< A2>8< 8<5=5<.

@C3>9 1@0B 7=0<5=8B>3> D8;>;>30, 8;L35;L< @8<<, ?>A2OB8; A51O 45OB5;L=>AB8 1>;55 A:@><=>9, => =5 <5=55 ?>;57=>9 8 70A;C6820NI59 A5@L57=>3> 2=8<0=8O. = >1@0B8;AO : 87CG5=8N >B45;L=KE ?>MB8G5A:8E ?@>872545=89 8 =0@>4=KE ?@540=89 2>>1I5, AB0; A>18@0BL 8 ?@82>48BL 2 ?>@O4>: =5<5F:85 35@>8G5A:85 A038, 2>AAB0=02;820BL 8A?>@G5==K5 B5:ABK @C:>?8A59, 8 B5< A0;>68; :@05C3>;L=K9 :0<5=L 2 >A=>2C A@02=8B5;L=>9 8AB>@88 ;8B5@0BC@K, 70=8<0NI59AO 8AA;54>20=85< @0728B8O 8 @>AB0 >4=>3> 8 B>3> 65 ?>MB8G5A:>3> <0B5@80;0 C @07;8G=KE =0@>4>2. 8;L35;L< @8<< 1K; 2 2KAH59 AB5?5=8 >40@5= A?>A>1=>ABLN B>=:>3> @0A?>7=020=8O 8 @0AA;54>20=8O B5E 284>87<5=5=89, :>B>@K5 ?@>8AE>4OB 2 >4=>< 8 B>< 65 ?>MB8G5A:>< <>B825 ?@8 53> AB@0=AB2>20=8OE >B =0@>40 : =0@>4C. ! MB>9 8<5==> AB>@>=K >= 1K; 3;02=K< 45OB5;5< 2 A>740=88 A1>@=8:0 "!:07>:" 8 2 >A>15==>AB8 B>3> >1@07F>2>3> :><<5=B0@8O : =8<, :>B>@K9 2?>A;54AB288 O28;AO 2 2845 >B45;L=>3> B><0, ?@8;0302H53>AO : A1>@=8:C "!:07>:", 8740==KE 1@0BLO<8 @8<<. MB>< :><<5=B0@88 : "!:07:0<" 8;L35;L< @8<< 405B 1>30BK9 <0B5@80; 4;O A@02=5=8O =5<5F:8E A:07>G=KE AN65B>2 A> A:07>G=>9 ;8B5@0BC@>9 D@0=FC7A:>9, 8B0;LO=A:>9, 8A?0=A:>9, 0=3;89A:>9, A:0=48=02A:>9, A;02O=A:>9 8 4065 A> A:07>G=K< 70?0A>< 2>AB>G=KE ;8B5@0BC@. "0:8< >1@07><, 8;L35;L< @8<<, 2AN 687=L B@C4OAL @O4>< A 1@0B>< 8 4@C3>< A2>8<, 25;8:8< D8;>;>3><, ?@8>1@5; 2?>;=5 70A;C65==CN 8725AB=>ABL B0;0=B;82>3> 8AA;54>20B5;O 2 >1;0AB8 8AB>@88 ;8B5@0BC@K.